Design and implementation of algorithms for one pedal driving in electric buses

Abstract

Nowadays, the interest in electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing in parallel with falling prices of batteries, developing battery technology and willing to reduce carbon emissions. However, the most important problem of EVs is still range anxiety. The one pedal driving (OPD), which uses only accelerator pedal to accelerate and decelerate the vehicle, is an alternative solution to further increase the energy efficiency by managing the regenerative braking operation of EVs. In this study, OPD algorithms are developed for an electric bus (E-Bus), which is equipped with a 100 kW electric motor. Algorithms manage the vehicle traction torque without compromising the comfort of the passengers in the vehicle. To evaluate the performance of the developed OPD algorithms for the heavy vehicle, experimental studies have been conducted. The energy efficiency performance of OPD has been tested under different speed profiles as urban traffic, constant speed and stop-and-go traffic. The energy recovery potential of OPD algorithms for different experience levels and driving characteristics of drivers, the adaptability of drivers to OPD driving have been examined for heavy electric vehicles first time. The results show that the OPD performs a precise energy efficiency by managing the regenerative braking operation.