Investigations of Effects of Density and Viscosity of Diesel and Biodiesel Fuels on NOx and other Emission Formations

Abstract

In the present study, effects of fuel properties; such as viscosity and density of different biodiesels on engine exhaust emissions were investigated. Sunflower, corn and canola oils were used as raw materials of biodiesel fuels which were produced via transesterification method. In experiments, pure biodiesels were used as test fuels and diesel was used as reference fuel. The results indicated that viscosity and density of biodiesel fuels went up with higher proportion of biodiesel. Engine experiments, which were conducted on a Mitsubishi Canter 4D34-2A, four-stroke, four cylinder diesel engine indicated that carbon monoxide (CO) emission reduced with utilization of fuels that have higher viscosity and density. On the other hand, carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission had opposite trend. Both emission values were increased with higher biodiesel ratios.